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Neurology

Commonly Diagnosed Neurological Disorders

Exploring commonly diagnosed neurological conditions

Complex and severe headache disorders

Headaches are one of the most common nervous system disorders which affect a large percentage of adults at some stage of their life and severely impact daily activities. Cluster headaches are a rarer type of headache which are characterized by recurring episodes of very painful headaches, which affect one side of the head. Migraines are a severe type of headache which can be debilitating and last several days.

Epilepsy and seizures

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that leads to recurring seizures. It can affect anyone, but usually occurs in children or those over the age of 60. It is caused by bursts of electrical activity which lead to shaking, stiffness, collapse, or loss of awareness. There are many different types of epilepsy, and focal onset seizures (which start in one side of the brain) are the most common in adults. Always see a neurologist if you are experiencing a seizure for the first time.

Movement disorders

Movement disorders are a group of neurological conditions which affect the way we move. They can either increase or reduce/slow our movement and be voluntary or involuntary movements. Common movement disorders include functional movement disorder, restless leg syndrome, Tourette syndrome and tremors. Parkinson’s disease is another common, progressive nervous system disorder which causes muscle stiffness, tremors, and decreased movement, as well as a range of other symptoms. Parkinsonism is a term given to reduced movement, loss of balance and tremors, caused by a range of conditions.

Cognitive impairment 

Cognitive impairment or decline refers to problems with memory, thinking, concentration and other functions of the brain. Dementia is not a specific condition, but the term given to general cognitive impairments which interfere with daily life. Alzheimer’s is one of the most common types of dementia.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory disorders

MS is a neurological condition which affects the brain and spinal cord. It is a lifelong condition that can cause symptoms such as loss of balance, vision problems and difficulty with movements of the arms and legs. It is caused by the immune system attacking the layer that surrounds the nerves of the brain and spinal cord, causing inflammation and stopping signals from reaching the rest of the body properly. It is a type of neuroinflammatory disorder. Other types of neuroinflammatory disorders include neuromyelitis optica, autoimmune encephalitis and optic neuritis.

Sleep disorders

Any type of disturbance to our sleep can impact our overall health and ability to function properly. Sleep disorders can be caused by a neurochemical imbalance in the brain as well as many other things such as medication, genetic factors or another health condition. Common sleep disorders include:

Insomnia: Difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep at night.

Narcolepsy: Extreme tiredness during the day and suddenly falling asleep in the daytime.

Restless leg syndrome: A movement disorder which causes the sudden urge to move the legs.

Sleep apnea: Abnormal breathing patterns while you sleep at night.

Chronic stroke/cerebrovascular disease

A stroke happens when the blood supply to a part of the brain is cut off. Stroke is a life-threatening condition, caused by either a blood clot or a blood vessel which supplies the brain bursting. Conditions which increase the risk of having a stroke include diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure or an irregular heartbeat.

Look after your cognitive health

If you notice any symptoms in yourself or a loved one, that you think might be caused by a neurological disorder, contact our neurologists in Dubai for advice and support.

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