Stomach Ulcer

What causes stomach ulcer?

The two most common causes are:

1.  H. pylori infection

A common bacteria that weakens the stomach lining and increases acid damage.

2. Regular use of certain pain medications

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin or ibuprofen can irritate and erode the stomach lining over time.

Other contributing factors may include excessive acid production, smoking, or severe stress on the body.

Symptoms to pay attention to

Stomach ulcers don’t always announce themselves loudly. Symptoms may include:

• Burning or gnawing pain in the upper abdomen
• Pain that improves briefly after eating, then returns
• Bloating or fullness
• Nausea or loss of appetite

More serious symptoms — such as black stools or vomiting blood, require urgent medical attention.

How a stomach ulcer is diagnosed

Diagnosis begins with a careful conversation about your symptoms and history.

Your doctor may recommend:

• Blood, breath, or stool tests to check for H. pylori
• An upper endoscopy to directly examine the stomach lining and confirm the presence of an ulcer

An accurate diagnosis ensures treatment is targeted and effective.

Treatment and healing

Most stomach ulcers heal completely with the right care.

Treatment may include:

• Medications to reduce stomach acid
• Antibiotics if H. pylori is present
• Adjusting or stopping medications that irritate the stomach

Lifestyle guidance also plays an important role — helping reduce irritation and support healing.

With proper treatment, relief often begins within days, and healing continues over weeks.

Why treatment shouldn’t be delayed

Untreated stomach ulcers can lead to complications such as bleeding, perforation, or obstruction.

Addressing symptoms early prevents unnecessary discomfort and protects your digestive health.

When should you book an appointment?

You should seek medical advice if:

• Stomach pain persists or keeps returning
• Symptoms interfere with eating or sleep
• You rely frequently on antacids or pain relievers
• You notice signs of bleeding